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Jewish resistance under Nazi rule encompassed various forms of organized underground activities undertaken by Jews against German occupation regimes in Europe during World War II. According to historian Yehuda Bauer , Jewish resistance can be defined as any action that defied Nazi laws and policies. [ 1 ]
Informers were fought by the Jewish resistance, and by the Polish resistance if their activities harmed the Polish underground. [12] The "Group 13" from the Warsaw ghetto, led by Abraham Gancwajch, was the only organized group of Jewish collaboraters with the Germans on the basis of ideology. [13] The Nazis also used agents who were Jewish to ...
Jewish partisans were fighters in irregular military groups participating in the Jewish resistance movement against Nazi Germany and its collaborators during World War II. A number of Jewish partisan groups operated across Nazi-occupied Europe , some made up of a few escapees from the Jewish ghettos or concentration camps , while others, such ...
Volkssturm – a German resistance group and militia created by the NSDAP near the end of World War II; Werwolf – Nazi German resistance movement against the Allied occupation; Greek Resistance. List of Greek Resistance organizations; Cretan resistance; National Liberation Front (EAM) and the Greek People's Liberation Army (ELAS), EAM's ...
Under the 26 June 1936 Law for the Alteration of Military Service Law, "half-Jews" (German citizens with a Jewish parent) and "quarter-Jews" (German citizens with a Jewish grandparent) were entitled to, and required to, serve in the Wehrmacht. [6] [13] [14] "Half-Jews", however, were prohibited from being promoted to non-commissioned officers.
The ghetto uprisings during World War II were a series of armed revolts against the regime of Nazi Germany between 1941 and 1943 in the newly established Jewish ghettos across Nazi-occupied Europe. Following the German and Soviet invasion of Poland in September 1939, Polish Jews were targeted from the outset.
Before World War II, the Bielski family had been millers and grocers [3] in Stankiewicze (Stankievichy), near Novogrudok, an area that at the outbreak of the war belonged to Poland and in September 1939 was occupied by the Soviet Union (cf. Polish September Campaign and Soviet invasion of Poland (1939)) in accord with the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union.
Before the German-Soviet invasion of 1939, Kraków was an influential centre for the 60,000–80,000 Polish Jews who had lived there since the 13th century. [2] Persecution of the Jewish population of Kraków began immediately after the German troops entered the city on 6 September 1939 in the course of the German aggression against Poland.