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The mind and behavior of non-human animals has captivated the human imagination for centuries. Many writers, such as Descartes, have speculated about the presence or absence of the animal mind. [7] These speculations led to many observations of animal behavior before modern science and testing were available.
Alex (May 18, 1976 – September 6, 2007) [1] was a grey parrot and the subject of a thirty-year experiment by animal psychologist Irene Pepperberg, initially at the University of Arizona and later at Harvard University and Brandeis University. When Alex was about one year old, Pepperberg bought him at a pet shop. [2]
Animal Cognition in Nature: The Convergence of Psychology and Biology in Laboratory and Field by Russell P. Balda, Irene M. Pepperberg, A. C. Kamil. ISBN 0-12-077030-X. Alex & Me: How a Scientist and a Parrot Discovered a Hidden World of Animal Intelligence--and Formed a Deep Bond in the Process, by Irene M. Pepperberg ISBN 978-0061673986
The court critically noted chimpanzees share at least 98 percent of their DNA with humans, and eminent primatologists have said the animals have advanced cognitive skills including the abilities ...
Dogs show human-like social cognition in various ways. [9] [10] [32] For example, dogs can react appropriately to human body language such as gesturing and pointing, and they also understand human voice commands. [33] In one study, puppies were presented with a box, and shown that, when a handler pressed a lever, a ball would roll out of the box.
A method used to test ToM in human children has been adapted for testing non-human animals. The basis of the test is to track the gaze of the animal. One human hides an object in view of a second human who then leaves the room. The object is then removed. [14]
Like dogs, pigs seek comfort from pet owners when stressed. [4] [5] Lulu, a pet potbellied pig, was motivated to seek help when her owner suffered a heart attack. The pig got outside the house and occupied the road, then went back to the house, repeating this behavior until a car stopped and Lulu led the driver to her owner, who was finally saved.
“Humans didn’t domesticate dogs, dogs domesticated themselves as they evolved from wolves because over time, humans have provided resources for them, like food, security and social bonding.