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Braille translators can be run by people with or without sight. A braille translator can run on a smartphone, [2] personal computer, network server, [3] or (historically) larger mini-computers or mainframes of larger institutions. Some languages use uncontracted braille, where each letter uses a specific braille character.
Braille technology is assistive technology which allows blind or visually impaired people to read, write, or manipulate braille electronically. [1] This technology allows users to do common tasks such as writing, browsing the Internet, typing in Braille and printing in text, engaging in chat, downloading files and music, using electronic mail, burning music, and reading documents.
Decapoint, or raphigraphy, was a tactile form of the Latin script invented by Louis Braille as a system that could be used by both the blind and sighted. It was published in 1839. Letters retained their linear form, and so were legible without training to the sighted, but the lines were composed of embossed dots like those used in braille. Each ...
The braille package for LaTeX (and several printed publications such as the printed manual for the new international braille music code) show unpunched dots as very small dots (much smaller than the filled-in dots) rather than circles, and this tends to print better.
Braille assignments have also been created for mathematical and musical notation. However, because the six-dot braille cell allows only 64 (2 6) patterns, including space, the characters of a braille script commonly have multiple values, depending on their context. That is, character mapping between print and braille is not one-to-one.
The system, however, was unable to handle deformities in the braille grid, so well-formed braille documents were required. [3] In 1999, a group at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University implemented an optical braille recognition technique using edge detection to translate braille into English or Chinese text. [4]
Tactile is a real-time text-to-braille translation device currently under development at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. [1] It was conceived by a team of undergraduate students, competing as "Team 100% Enthusiasm", during a 15-hour MIT "hackathon". [2]
A braille embosser is an impact printer that renders text as tactile braille cells. Using braille translation software, a document or digital text can be embossed with relative ease. This makes braille production efficient and cost-effective. Braille translation software may be free and open-sourced or paid. [1]