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In geometry, a disk (also spelled disc) [1] is the region in a plane bounded by a circle. A disk is said to be closed if it contains the circle that constitutes its boundary, and open if it does not. [2] For a radius, , an open disk is usually denoted as and a closed disk is ¯.
The spherical isoperimetric inequality states that (), and that the equality holds if and only if the curve is a circle. There are, in fact, two ways to measure the spherical area enclosed by a simple closed curve, but the inequality is symmetric with the respect to taking the complement.
The feasible regions of linear programming are defined by a set of inequalities. In mathematics, an inequality is a relation which makes a non-equal comparison between two numbers or other mathematical expressions. [1] It is used most often to compare two numbers on the number line by their size.
Circle packing in a circle is a two-dimensional packing problem with the objective of packing unit circles into the smallest possible larger circle.
The most efficient way to pack different-sized circles together is not obvious. In geometry, circle packing is the study of the arrangement of circles (of equal or varying sizes) on a given surface such that no overlapping occurs and so that no circle can be enlarged without creating an overlap.
When Ω is a ball, the above inequality is called a (p,p)-Poincaré inequality; for more general domains Ω, the above is more familiarly known as a Sobolev inequality. The necessity to subtract the average value can be seen by considering constant functions for which the derivative is zero while, without subtracting the average, we can have ...
Gauss's circle problem asks how many points there are inside this circle of the form (,) where and are both integers. Since the equation of this circle is given in Cartesian coordinates by x 2 + y 2 = r 2 {\displaystyle x^{2}+y^{2}=r^{2}} , the question is equivalently asking how many pairs of integers m and n there are such that
Packing of irregular objects is a problem not lending itself well to closed form solutions; however, the applicability to practical environmental science is quite important. For example, irregularly shaped soil particles pack differently as the sizes and shapes vary, leading to important outcomes for plant species to adapt root formations and ...