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Otitis interna, or labyrinthitis, involves the inner ear. The inner ear includes sensory organs for balance and hearing. When the inner ear is inflamed, vertigo is a common symptom. Other symptoms in adults include pain and drainage from ear or problems with hearing. [8]
Otitis media is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear. [2] One of the two main types is acute otitis media (AOM), [3] an infection of rapid onset that usually presents with ear pain. [1] In young children this may result in pulling at the ear, increased crying, and poor sleep. [1] Decreased eating and a fever may also be present. [1]
Diagnosis is based on the signs and symptoms. [2] Culturing the ear canal may be useful in chronic or severe cases. [2] Acetic acid ear drops may be used as a preventive measure. [3] Treatment of acute cases is typically with antibiotic drops, such as ofloxacin or acetic acid. [2] [3] Steroid drops may be used in addition to antibiotics. [2]
The main symptoms are severe vertigo and nystagmus. The most common symptom of vestibular neuritis is the onset of vertigo that has formed from an ongoing infection or trauma. [ 9 ] The dizziness sensation that is associated with vertigo is thought to be from the inner ear labyrinth. [ 10 ]
Symptoms are believed to occur as the result of increased fluid buildup in the labyrinth of the inner ear. [3] Diagnosis is based on the symptoms and a hearing test. [3] Other conditions that may produce similar symptoms include vestibular migraine and transient ischemic attack. [1] No cure is known. [3]
Clinically, patients experience aural fullness, intra-meatal itching, and malodorous otorrhea all at the same time. Although granular myringitis does not typically result in a hearing loss, it can cause complications like inflammatory infiltration of the deep canal, canal atresia or stenosis, and post-inflammatory medial canal fibrosis.
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Depending on the actual symptoms presented, such conditions could include: otitis media, otitis externa, cerumen impaction, inner ear decompression sickness, caloric stimulation, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibular neuronitis, Ménière's disease, acoustic neuroma, and possibly others. [2]