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The area required to calculate the volumetric flow rate is real or imaginary, flat or curved, either as a cross-sectional area or a surface. The vector area is a combination of the magnitude of the area through which the volume passes through, A , and a unit vector normal to the area, n ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {n} }}} .
A Marsh funnel is a Marsh cone with a particular orifice and a working volume of 1.5 litres. It consists of a cone 6 inches (152 mm) across and 12 inches in height (305 mm) to the apex of which is fixed a tube 2 inches (50.8 mm) long and 3/16 inch (4.76 mm) internal diameter. A 10-mesh screen is fixed near the top across half the cone. [2]
Calculate the maximum allowable vapor velocity in the vessel by using the Souders–Brown equation: = where v is the maximum allowable vapor velocity in m/s ρ L is the liquid density in kg/m 3 ρ V is the vapor density in kg/m 3
Erlenmeyer flasks (introduced in 1861 by German chemist Emil Erlenmeyer (1825–1909)) are shaped like a cone, usually completed by the ground joint; the conical flasks are very popular because of their low price (they are easy to manufacture) and portability; Volumetric flask is used for preparing liquids with volumes of high precision. It is ...
This depth is converted to a flow rate according to a theoretical formula of the form = where is the flow rate, is a constant, is the water level, and is an exponent which varies with the device used; or it is converted according to empirically derived level/flow data points (a "flow curve"). The flow rate can then be integrated over time into ...
Assuming that a vessel is cylindrical with fixed cross-sectional area , with orifice of area at the bottom, then rate of change of water level height / is not constant. The water volume in the vessel is changing due to the discharge V ˙ {\displaystyle {\dot {V}}} out of the vessel:
When the cone angle is very small, the flow is nearly parallel everywhere in which case, an exact solution can be found, as shown by Theodore von Kármán and Norton B. Moore in 1932. [2] The solution is more apparent in the cylindrical coordinates ( ρ , ϖ , z ) {\displaystyle (\rho ,\varpi ,z)} (the ρ {\displaystyle \rho } here is the ...
In general, a conical surface consists of two congruent unbounded halves joined by the apex. Each half is called a nappe, and is the union of all the rays that start at the apex and pass through a point of some fixed space curve. [2] Sometimes the term "conical surface" is used to mean just one nappe. [3]