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One out of 11 Shinto shrines built in Indonesia. [34] The Japanese divided Indonesia into three separate regions; Sumatra (along with Malaya) was placed under the 25th Army, Java and Madura were under the 16th Army, while Borneo and eastern Indonesia were controlled by the 2nd South Fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) based in Makassar.
The East Indies was one of Japan's primary targets if and when it went to war because the colony possessed abundant valuable resources, the most important of which were its rubber plantations and oil fields; [13] [14] the colony was the fourth-largest exporter of oil in the world, behind the U.S., Iran, and Romania.
Indonesia and Japan established diplomatic relations on 20 January 1958. [1] Both are two Asian nations that share historical, economic, and political ties. Both nations went through a difficult period in World War II when the then Dutch East Indies was occupied by the Imperial Japanese Army for three-and-a-half years. [2]
The Defenders of the Homeland (Japanese: 郷土防衛義勇軍, romanized: Kyōdo Bōei Giyūgun; Indonesian: (Tentara Sukarela) Pembela Tanah Air, PETA) was a volunteer army established on 3 October 1943 in the Dutch East Indies (present-day Indonesia) by the occupying Japanese.
Control of these routes was vital to securing the territory. [11] [12] Japanese military movement in the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command (ABDA) area from 1941 to 1942. With the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, Japanese immigrants had been welcomed since the 1900s. Companies such as Mitsubishi and Nissan were involved in trade with the territory.
Japanese issued notes were not, however, at par with pre-war guilder; in Java, the exchange rate was 10:1 to 12:1. [13] On 6 March 1946, Dutch-controlled areas replaced the Japanese-issue roepiah with the NICA-issued guilder, giving an official exchange rate of 3 NICA guilder to 100 Japanese roepiah. [14]
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The Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (Indonesian: Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia, abbreviated as PPKI; Japanese: 独立準備委員会, Hepburn: Dokuritsu Junbi Īnkai) was a body established on 7 August 1945 to prepare for the transfer of authority from the occupying Japanese to Indonesia.