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Degenerative disc disease causes narrowing of the spaces. [27] Facet joints break down; Facet joints may hypertrophy [28] Compression fractures of the spine, which are common in osteoporosis [29] Synovial cysts form on the facet joints causing compression of the spinal sac of nerves (thecal sac)
The thecal sac or dural sac is the membranous sheath (theca) or tube of dura mater that surrounds the spinal cord and the cauda equina. The thecal sac contains the cerebrospinal fluid which provides nutrients and buoyancy to the spinal cord. [ 1 ]
Cervical spinal stenosis is one of the most common forms of spinal stenosis, along with lumbar spinal stenosis (which occurs at the level of the lower back instead of the neck). Thoracic spinal stenosis, at the level of the mid-back, is much less common. [2] Cervical spinal stenosis can be far more dangerous by compressing the spinal cord.
Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a medical condition in which the spinal canal narrows and compresses the nerves and blood vessels at the level of the lumbar vertebrae. Spinal stenosis may also affect the cervical or thoracic region, in which case it is known as cervical spinal stenosis or thoracic spinal stenosis. Lumbar spinal stenosis can ...
This procedure is to look for the level of spinal cord disease such as lumbar nerve root compression, cauda equina syndrome, conus medullaris lesions, and spinal stenosis. This is done for those who are unwilling or unable to do MRI scan of the spine. Lumbar puncture is done before injected contrast into the thecal sac.
Most commonly, a laminectomy is performed to treat spinal stenosis. Spinal stenosis is the single most common diagnosis that leads to spinal surgery, of which a laminectomy represents one component. The lamina of the vertebra is removed or trimmed to widen the spinal canal and create more space for the spinal nerves and thecal sac. Surgical ...
Stagnation of the CSF within the thecal sac facilitates exudation from the tumour itself and activation of coagulation factors. A clinical test formerly used for evaluation of spinal stenosis is Queckenstedt's maneuver. Nowadays, a magnetic resonance imaging is used for identification of CSF flow obstruction.
The dura mater covering the spinal cord is known as the dural sac or thecal sac, and only has one layer (the meningeal layer) unlike cranial dura mater. The potential space between these two layers is known as the epidural space , [ 5 ] which can accumulate blood in the case of traumatic laceration to the meningeal arteries .