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  2. Lion Capital of Ashoka - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lion_Capital_of_Ashoka

    The side of the abacus is adorned with wheels in relief, and interspersing them, four animals, a lion, an elephant, a bull, and a galloping horse follow each other from right to left. A bell-shaped lotus forms the lowest member of the capital, and the whole 2.1 metres (7 ft) tall, carved out of a single block of sandstone and highly polished ...

  3. Abacus (architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacus_(architecture)

    The first abacus pictured below (fig. 5) is decorated with simple mouldings and ornaments, common during the 12th century, in Île-de-France, Normandy, Champagne, and Burgundy regions, and from the choir of Vézelay Abbey (fig. 6). Figure 7 shows a circular abacus used at windows in the side chapels of Notre Dame de Paris. Towards the end of ...

  4. Pillars of Ashoka - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pillars_of_Ashoka

    The abacus also often seems to display some influence of Greek art: in the case of the Rampurva bull or the Sankassa elephant, it is composed of honeysuckles alternated with stylized palmettes and small rosettes. [48] A similar kind of design can be seen in the frieze of the lost capital of the Allahabad pillar.

  5. State Emblem of India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Emblem_of_India

    The bull represents hard work and steadfastness, while the horse represents loyalty, speed, and energy. The bell-shaped lotus beneath the abacus has been omitted. [7] Forming an integral part of the emblem is the motto inscribed below the abacus in Devanagari script: Satyameva Jayate (Sanskrit: सत्यमेव जयते; lit.

  6. Column of Arcadius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column_of_Arcadius

    Each corner of the abacus, on the capital's underside, was embellished with a Chi-Rho. Taken together, the shaft, plinth, and torus were about 31.92 m (104.7 ft) tall. [8] On the capital rested the statue's pedestal, about 4 m (13 ft) high, with smooth shaft and a "Pergamene capital". [8]

  7. File:Qing Jade Abacus, Daoguang Reign.jpg - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Qing_Jade_Abacus...

    This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file.

  8. Corinthian order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corinthian_order

    The flat abacus at the top of the capital has a concave curve on each face, and usually a single flower ("rosette") projecting from the leaves below overlaps it on each face. When classical architecture was revived during the Renaissance , two more orders were added to the canon : the Tuscan order and the Composite order , known in Roman times ...

  9. Abacus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacus

    An abacus (pl. abaci or abacuses), also called a counting frame, is a hand-operated calculating tool which was used from ancient times in the ancient Near East, Europe, China, and Russia, until the adoption of the Hindu–Arabic numeral system. [1] An abacus consists of a two-dimensional array of slidable beads (or similar objects). In their ...