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Memory allocation is a process that determines which specific synapses and neurons in a neural network will store a given memory. [1] [2] [3] Although multiple neurons can receive a stimulus, only a subset of the neurons will induce the necessary plasticity for memory encoding. The selection of this subset of neurons is termed neuronal allocation.
Learning and Memory: Neuroplasticity is the key mechanism whereby learning and memory happens. When neurons consistently fire together, their synaptic connections strengthen, a principle known as Hebbian theory . [ 11 ]
The research indicates that this long term potentiation or in the case of inhibitory synapses, long term depression of the synapse occurs after prolonged stimulation of two neurons at the same time. Long term potentiation is known to have a role in memory and learning, which could be useful in treating diseases like Alzheimers.
Gating mechanisms in the basal ganglia have been linked to our ability to filter irrelevant information and access relevant information from working memory. [10] In this instance, the gatekeeping function is the responsibility of the thalamus. It opens the gate between two areas in the cortex, allowing for the influence of stimuli in working ...
Neurons form networks through which nerve impulses travels, each neuron often making numerous connections with other cells of neurons. These electrical signals may be excitatory or inhibitory, and, if the total of excitatory influences exceeds that of the inhibitory influences, the neuron will generate a new action potential at its axon hillock ...
These are patterns of synaptic activity that produce a long-lasting increase in signal transmission between two neurons. [2] The opposite of LTP is long-term depression, which produces a long-lasting decrease in synaptic strength. It is one of several phenomena underlying synaptic plasticity, the ability of chemical synapses to change their ...
Longer-term stress releases the hormone cortisol, which over time can actually cause neurons to lose connections in the memory centers of the brain. This may be why people with chronic stress can ...
An electrical synapse is an electrically conductive link between two abutting neurons that is formed at a narrow gap between the pre- and postsynaptic cells, known as a gap junction. At gap junctions, cells approach within about 3.5 nm of each other, rather than the 20 to 40 nm distance that separates cells at chemical synapses.