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Astern propulsion does not necessarily imply the ship is moving astern (in reverse); astern propulsion is used to slow a ship by applying a force in the direction of the bow of the ship, instead of the stern. The equivalent concept for an airplane is thrust reversal. In a sailing ship astern propulsion can be achieved by the appropriate ...
Astern (adjective): toward the rear of a ship (opposite of "forward"). [9] Athwartships: toward the sides of a ship. [1] Aweather: toward the weather or windward side of a ship. [10] Aweigh: just clear of the sea floor, as with an anchor. [11] Below: a lower deck of the ship. [1] Belowdecks: inside or into a ship, or down to a lower deck. [12]
No ICS meaning as single flag. Prior to 1969: "The way is off my ship; you may feel your way past me." Distance (range) in nautical miles. S Sierra: Argent, an inescutcheon azure "I am operating astern propulsion." [b] Speed (velocity) in knots T Tango: Tierced in pale gules, argent and azure "Keep clear of me." [b]
No ICS meaning as single flag. Prior to 1969: "The way is off my ship; you may feel your way past me." Distance (range) in nautical miles. S Sierra [siˈɛrə] "I am operating astern propulsion." [b] Speed (velocity) in knots T Tango [ˈtaŋ.goʊ] "Keep clear of me [b]; I am engaged in pair trawling." Local time.
Propulsion by sail generally consists of a sail hoisted on an erect mast, supported by stays, and controlled by lines made of rope. Sails were the dominant form of commercial propulsion until the late nineteenth century, and continued to be used well into the twentieth century on routes where wind was assured and coal was not available, such as ...
Slow astern; Half astern; Full astern; Emergency astern (1940–present) Any orders could also be accompanied by an RPM order, giving the precise engine speed desired. Many modern ships have the following dial indications: Full ahead navigation (on notice to increase or reduce) Full ahead; Half ahead; Slow ahead; Dead slow ahead; Stop; Dead ...
The Kort nozzle is a shrouded propeller assembly for marine propulsion. The cross-section of the shroud has the form of a foil, and the shroud can offer hydrodynamic advantages over bare propellers, under certain conditions. Advantages are increased efficiency at lower speeds (<10 knots), better course stability and less vulnerability to debris.
Lift on a sail (L), acting as an airfoil, occurs in a direction perpendicular to the incident airstream (the apparent wind velocity, V A, for the head sail) and is a result of pressure differences between the windward and leeward surfaces and depends on angle of attack, sail shape, air density, and speed of the apparent wind.