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Catford could identify where people were from exclusively through their speech. His expertise – which included formal phonetics , the aerodynamic and physiological production of speech, phonetic peculiarities in speech, and an astounding ability to reproduce words, and even speeches, backwards – led him to be invited to the University of ...
Catford rationalised this theory in his book Linguistic Theory of Translation: "Cultural untranslatability arises when a situational feature, functionally relevant for the source language text, is completely absent from the culture of which the TL is a part. For instance, the names of some institutions, clothes, foods and abstract concepts ...
Untranslatability is the property of text or speech for which no equivalent can be found when translated into another (given) language. A text that is considered to be untranslatable is considered a lacuna , or lexical gap .
The concept itself of "translation criticism" has the following meanings: Quality assessment of the target text, especially of its semantic and pragmatic equivalence regarding the source text.
This could be due to the ignorance of the translator, as well as the untranslatability of the text as a result of linguistic or cultural differences. [1] In addition, translation errors can be caused by the language incompetence of the translator in the target language, resulting in unintended ambiguity in the message conveyed.
In his 1998 book The Scandals of Translation: Towards an Ethics of Difference, Venuti states that "Domestication and foreignization deal with 'the question of how much a translation assimilates a foreign text to the translating language and culture, and how much it rather signals the differences of that text'".
Thus it is the linguistic verbal sign that gives an object its meaning. Interpretation of a verbal sign according to Roman Jakobson can happen in three ways: intralingual, interlingual and intersemiotic. In the case of intralingual translation, the changes take place within the same language.
Translation changes everything: Theory and practice is a collection of essays written by translation theorist Lawrence Venuti. [ 1 ] during the period 2000–2012. Venuti conceives translation as an interpretive act with far-reaching social effects, at once enabled and constrained by specific cultural situations.