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Standard tanks are designed for land based use and operations, but can be used in marine settings and in aviation given proper support. Fuel bladders are also commonly used in oil spill recovery operations. [2] High end fuel bladders offer a high degree of protection of the stored liquids, ensuring the contents never come in contact with air.
The diaphragm or bladder may itself exert a pressure on the water, but it is usually small and will be neglected in the following discussion. Case 1 is an empty tank at the charging pressure P c (gauge). The total volume of the tank is V t. Case 2 is a tank in use, with the air pressure at pressure P (gauge) and a water volume of V
A Horton sphere (sometimes spelled Hortonsphere), also referred to as a spherical tank or simply sphere, is a spherical pressure vessel, which is used for industrial-scale storage of liquefied gases. Example of materials that can be stored in Horton spheres are liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), and anhydrous ammonia .
The term cylinder in this context is sometimes confused with tank, the latter being an open-top or vented container that stores liquids under gravity, though the term scuba tank is commonly used to refer to a compressed gas cylinder used for breathing gas supply to an underwater breathing apparatus.
Rocket propellant tanks are of many shapes but the optimum shape of a tank is spherical, because for given volume it results in a tank with least weight. Normally, propellant in the tank is stored at a pressure of about 1-4 bar, if the system uses turbopump to deliver high pressure to the combustion chamber.
This requires a quality assurance test to identify the possibility of leaks. A common procedure in the industry is to perform a pressure test on the tank. All holes are temporarily plugged and the fuel tank is pressurized with air. A gauge is used to monitor the air pressure. A drop in pressure reveals a leak in the tank.