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To convert the standard form to factored form, one needs only the quadratic formula to determine the two roots r 1 and r 2. To convert the standard form to vertex form, one needs a process called completing the square. To convert the factored form (or vertex form) to standard form, one needs to multiply, expand and/or distribute the factors.
A parabolic segment is the region bounded by a parabola and line. To find the area of a parabolic segment, Archimedes considers a certain inscribed triangle. The base of this triangle is the given chord of the parabola, and the third vertex is the point on the parabola such that the tangent to the parabola at that point is parallel to the chord.
Essentially new phenomena arise, if the field has characteristic 2 (that is, + =): the tangents are all parallel. In algebraic geometry, the parabola is generalized by the rational normal curves, which have coordinates (x, x 2, x 3, ..., x n); the standard parabola is the case n = 2, and the case n = 3 is known as the twisted cubic.
In contrast, the graph of the function f(x) + k = x 2 + k is a parabola shifted upward by k whose vertex is at (0, k), as shown in the center figure. Combining both horizontal and vertical shifts yields f(x − h) + k = (x − h) 2 + k is a parabola shifted to the right by h and upward by k whose vertex is at (h, k), as shown in the bottom figure.
[5] [6] In contrast, generic points on a curve typically only have 3-point contact with their osculating circle. The evolute of a curve will generically have a cusp when the curve has a vertex; [ 6 ] other, more degenerate and non-stable singularities may occur at higher-order vertices, at which the osculating circle has contact of higher order ...
A conic is the curve obtained as the intersection of a plane, called the cutting plane, with the surface of a double cone (a cone with two nappes).It is usually assumed that the cone is a right circular cone for the purpose of easy description, but this is not required; any double cone with some circular cross-section will suffice.
The notion of a quadratic space is a coordinate-free version of the notion of quadratic form. Sometimes, Q is also called a quadratic form. Two n -dimensional quadratic spaces ( V , Q ) and ( V ′, Q ′) are isometric if there exists an invertible linear transformation T : V → V ′ ( isometry ) such that Q ( v ) = Q ′ ( T v ) for all v ...
Next, a translation of axes can reduce an equation of the form to an equation of the same form but with new variables (x', y') as coordinates, and with D and E both equal to zero (with certain exceptions—for example, parabolas). The principal tool in this process is "completing the square."