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Handheld pepper mills with black (left) and mixed (right) peppercorns. Pepper gets its spicy heat mostly from piperine derived from both the outer fruit and the seed. Black pepper contains between 4.6 and 9.7% piperine by mass, and white pepper slightly more than that. [52]
This South American strain thrives well under cool growing conditions and can be grown as a perennial. Rocoto: Peru, Bolivia 30,000–100,000 [37] SHU: Also known as a Manzano or Locoto pepper, [38] there are many Rocoto varieties. "Manzano" is the Spanish word for "apple", and describes the fruits' shape. Note the black seeds.
Kampot pepper is grown, produced and sold in green, black, white and red varieties, all from the same plant. [4] The climate of Kampot Province offers perfect conditions for growing pepper and the quartz content of the soil in the foothills of the Elephant Mountains helps to give Kampot pepper its unique terroir. [5] [6]
The name pepper comes from the similarity of piquance (spiciness or "heat") of the flavor to that of black pepper, Piper nigrum, although there is no botanical relationship with it or with Sichuan pepper. The original term chilli came from the Nahuatl word chīlli, denoting a larger Capsicum variety cultivated at least since 3000 BC. [7]
Grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta) is a species in the ginger family, Zingiberaceae, and closely related to cardamom.Its seeds are used as a spice (ground or whole); it imparts a pungent, black-pepper-like flavor with hints of citrus.
Black pepper (Piper nigrum) corns, from left to right: Green (pickled unripe fruits) White (dried ripe seeds) Black (dried unripe fruits) Use of peppercorns as pungent spice is significant on an international scale. By classical antiquity, there was a vigorous trade of spices including black pepper from South Asia to Europe.