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Harm is a moral and legal concept with multiple definitions. It generally functions as a synonym for evil or anything that is bad under certain moral systems. Something that causes harm is harmful , and something that does not is harmless .
A hazard is an agent that can cause harm or damage to humans, property, or the environment. [10] Risk is the probability that exposure to a hazard will lead to a negative consequence, or more simply, a hazard poses no risk if there is no exposure to that hazard. Risk is a combination of hazard, exposure and vulnerability. [11]
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. [1] Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity).
Though often done with the intent to cause harm, it can be channeled into creative and practical outlets for some. [1] It may occur either reactively or without provocation. In humans, aggression can be caused by various triggers. For example, built-up frustration due to blocked goals or perceived disrespect. [2]
cause serious bodily injury to another person with a deadly weapon [25] have sexual relations with a person who is under the age of consent; cause bodily harm by recklessly operating a motor vehicle during road rage; often referred to as either vehicular assault or aggravated assault with a motor vehicle.
Self-harm refers to intentional behaviors that cause harm to oneself. This is most commonly regarded as direct injury of one's own skin tissues , usually without suicidal intention. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Other terms such as cutting , self-injury , and self-mutilation have been used for any self-harming behavior regardless of suicidal intent.
"Source of harm". The earliest use of the word "risk" was as a synonym for the much older word "hazard", meaning a potential source of harm. This definition comes from Blount's "Glossographia" (1661) [11] and was the main definition in the OED 1st (1914) and 2nd (1989) editions.
A species that occurs naturally in an area; a synonym for native species (Allaby 1998). Injurious species An introduced species that causes economic or environmental harm to humans. Similar terms include aquatic nuisance species, noxious weed, and invasive species (Heutte and Bella 2003).