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Initial symptoms of drug-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia are typically vague and reflect mild, moderate, or severe anemia. Symptoms of DIIHA can manifest within hours to months of the initial drug exposure. [1] DIIHA ranges in severity from severe intravascular hemolysis to milder presentations of extravascular hemolysis. [7]
Similarly, poisoning by arsine or stibine also causes hemolytic anemia. [21] Runners can develop hemolytic anemia due to "footstrike hemolysis", owing to the destruction of red blood cells in feet at foot impact. [22] [23] Low-grade hemolytic anemia occurs in 70% of prosthetic heart valve recipients, and severe hemolytic anemia occurs in 3%. [24]
[6]: 141, 262 If the causative antibodies are only active at room temperature, the agglutination can be reversed by heating the blood sample to 37 °C (99 °F). People with warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia may exhibit red cell agglutination that does not resolve on warming. [4]: 88
Red blood cells normally survive an average of about 120 days, becoming damaged (their oxygen-carrying capacity becomes compromised) as they age.
Acquired hemolytic anemia is also encountered in burns and as a result of certain infections (e.g. malaria). Lead poisoning or poisoning by arsine or stibine causes non-immune hemolytic anemia. [6] Runners can develop hemolytic anemia due to "footstrike hemolysis", the destruction of red blood cells in feet at foot impact. [13] [14]
This can shift the ratio of red blood cells towards younger, larger cells. This shift may be reflected in higher than normal mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values, an indicator of red blood cell size. [4] This is not a pathological condition but may indicate a propensity toward iron deficiency anemia due to high red blood cell turnover.
The test was premature and was forgotten. In 1946, Boorman, Dodd, and Loutit applied the direct antiglobulin test to a variety of hemolytic anemias, and laid the foundation for the clear distinction of autoimmune from congenital hemolytic anemia. [citation needed] A hemolytic state exists whenever the red cell survival time is shortened from ...
Spur cell hemolytic anemia: Spur cell hemolytic anemia is a form of hemolytic anemia that results when free cholesterol binds to the red blood cell's membrane increasing its surface area, causing later deformities such as rough or thorny projections on the erythrocyte named acanthocytes. This condition is caused by the deceased liver's ...