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Alternatives to hybridization include open pollination and clonal propagation. [2] An important factor is the heterosis that results from the genetic differences between the parents, which can produce higher yield and faster growth rate. Crossing any particular pair of inbred strains may or may not result in superior offspring.
Hybridization is considered to be an evolutionary catalyst capable of generating novel genotypes or phenotypes in a single generation. [1] [2] It can also happen with morphologically dissimilar but closely related species (Example: Helianthus giganteus, the giant sunflower). [4]
The debate surrounding genetically modified food during the 1990s peaked in 1999 in terms of media coverage and risk perception, [24] and continues today – for example, "Germany has thrown its weight behind a growing European mutiny over genetically modified crops by banning the planting of a widely grown pest-resistant corn variety." [25 ...
The hybridization event mechanism is documented where known, along with the authorities who described it. Hybrids. Species Common name Family Hybridization
This type of hybridization has been particularly impactful for the production of many crop species, including but not limited to: certain types of rice, corn, wheat, barley, and rye. Natural introgression can occur with many genera and species, but manipulating the gene pool with artificial/forced introgression is useful for honing in on ...
Hybrid zones can form from secondary contact. A hybrid zone exists where the ranges of two interbreeding species or diverged intraspecific lineages meet and cross-fertilize. . Hybrid zones can form in situ due to the evolution of a new lineage [1] [page needed] but generally they result from secondary contact of the parental forms after a period of geographic isolation, which allowed their ...
Fused protoplast (left) with chloroplasts (from a leaf cell) and coloured vacuole (from a petal) Somatic fusion, also called protoplast fusion, is a type of genetic modification in plants by which two distinct species of plants are fused together to form a new hybrid plant with the characteristics of both, a somatic hybrid. [1]
Hybrid vigor is expressed during the plant's early vegetative and reproductive growth stages. Young hybrid seedlings have faster root and leaf development and better canopy development; the mature plant has increased total dry matter, larger panicles (the terminal shoots that produce grain), more spikelets (units of flower) per unit area, increased total weight of grains, and, consequently ...