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Canine epileptoid cramping syndrome (CECS), previously known as Spike's disease, is a hereditary dog disease initially found in Border Terriers and has since been documented in many other dog breeds including Labrador Retrievers and Chihuahuas, with similarities to canine epilepsy. Its cause is unknown. [1]
According to the American Kennel Club's Canine Health Foundation, "beagles with Musladin-Leuke syndrome are born with several defects characterized by short outer toes on the front and sometimes all four feet, high set creased ears on a flat skull with extra cartilage in them, slant narrowed eyes, and very thick tight skin with little scruff."
Rage syndrome is a rare seizure disorder in dogs, characterized by explosive aggression. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is frequently confused with idiopathic aggression , a term for aggression with no identifiable cause.
A 2024 UK study found a life expectancy of 13.7 years for the breed compared to an average of 12.7 for purebreeds and 12 for crossbreeds. [19] Leading causes of death among Bedlington Terriers in a 2004 UK survey were old age (23%), urologic (15%) and hepatic (12.5%). [20] The leading hepatic cause of death was copper toxicosis. [20]
Sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS) is a disease in dogs causing sudden blindness. It can occur in any breed, but female dogs may be predisposed. [ 1 ] Approximately 4000 cases are seen in the United States annually.
Seizures typically develop within the first two years of life and occur in 75-100% of patients. [50] [41] Onset of seizures occur in 95% by the age of 5 years. [51] Status epilepticus occurs in approximately 50% of patients. [52] Approximately 25% of patients develop drug-resistant epilepsy. [53]
While the disease manifests early in life in most cases, diagnosis of the disease is often quite delayed. [ 2 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The symptoms that affected patients present vary, but the most common presenting symptoms are gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea, and neurologic or ocular symptoms such as ...
Kleefstra syndrome affects males and females equally and approximately 75% of all documented cases are caused by Eu-HMTase1 disruptions while only 25% are caused by 9q34.3 deletions. [3] There are no statistics on the effect the disease has on life expectancy due to the lack of information available.