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Chiang Kai-shek [a] (31 October 1887 – 5 April 1975) was a Chinese politician, revolutionary, and military commander who was the leader of the Nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) party and commander-in-chief and Generalissimo of the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) from 1926, and leader of the Republic of China (ROC) in mainland China from 1928.
The Blue Shirts Society (BSS)(藍衣社), also known as the Society of Practice of the Three Principles of the People (Chinese: 三民主義力行社, commonly abbreviated as SPTPP), the Spirit Encouragement Society (勵志社, SES) and the China Reconstruction Society (中華復興社, CRS), was a secret ultranationalist faction in the Kuomintang inspired by German and Italian fascists.
A personality cult in the Republic of China was centered on the Kuomintang party founder Sun Yat-sen, with his successor, President Wang Jingwei and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. [citation needed] The personality cult of Chiang Kai-shek went further after the republican government fled to Taiwan.
Chiang Ching-kuo, President of the Republic of China (1978–1988), Chiang Hsiao-yen, Vice Chairman of the Kuomintang (2009–2014), and more. Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Ching-kuo, who have been presidents of the Republic of China, are often called collectively as “ Two Chiangs ” ( 兩蔣 ).
Chiang Kai-shek emerged as the protégé of Sun Yat-sen following the Zhongshan Warship Incident. In the summer of 1926, Chiang and the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) began the Northern Expedition with the hopes to reunify China. Wu Peifu and Sun Chuanfang of the Zhili clique were subsequently defeated in central and eastern China.
After the victory over Japan in 1945 the portrait of Sun Yat-sen was replaced with a portrait of the leader of the Republic, Chiang Kai-shek. Continuing to commemorate the Second Sino-Japanese War in July 1949 after the Pingjin campaign , which saw the peaceful seizure of Beijing (and Tianjin ) by the People's Liberation Army , portraits of Zhu ...
Du had close ties with Chiang Kai-shek, who in turn had ties to both the Green Gang and other organised secret societies from his early years in Shanghai. In April 1927, Du, along with his sworn brothers Huang Jinrong and Zhang Xiaolin, conspired with Chiang to form the Chinese Progress Association (中华共进会), a para-militant group ...
Under the recommendation of Chiang Kai-shek's secretary-general Yang Yongtai, who was unaware of Mo's communist activities, Mo Xiong steadily excelled in Chiang Kai-shek's regime, eventually becoming an important member within Chiang Kai-shek's general headquarters in the early 1930s. In January 1934, Chiang Kai-shek named him as the ...