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Heptane or n-heptane is the straight-chain alkane with the chemical formula H 3 C(CH 2) 5 CH 3 or C 7 H 16. When used as a test fuel component in anti-knock test engines, a 100% heptane fuel is the zero point of the octane rating scale (the 100 point is 100% iso-octane ).
In chemistry, an alcohol (from Arabic al-kuḥl 'the kohl'), [2] is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl (−OH) functional group bound to a saturated carbon atom. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Alcohols range from the simple, like methanol and ethanol , to complex, like sugars and cholesterol .
In chemistry, the molar mass (M) (sometimes called molecular weight or formula weight, but see related quantities for usage) of a chemical compound is defined as the ratio between the mass and the amount of substance (measured in moles) of any sample of the compound. [1] The molar mass is a bulk, not molecular, property of a substance.
Aliphatic compounds can be saturated, joined by single bonds (), or unsaturated, with double bonds or triple bonds ().If other elements (heteroatoms) are bound to the carbon chain, the most common being oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and chlorine, it is no longer a hydrocarbon, and therefore no longer an aliphatic compound.
1-Heptanol is an alcohol with a seven carbon chain and the structural formula of CH 3 (CH 2) 6 OH. [1] It is a clear colorless liquid that is very slightly soluble in water, but miscible with ether and ethanol .
The degree of polymerization, or DP, is the number of monomeric units in a macromolecule or polymer or oligomer molecule. [1] [2] [3]For a homopolymer, there is only one type of monomeric unit and the number-average degree of polymerization is given by ¯ ¯ = ¯, where ¯ is the number-average molecular weight and is the molecular weight of the monomer unit.
The formation of heptanal in the fractional distillation of castor oil [3] was already described in 1878. The large-scale production is based on the pyrolytic cleavage of ricinoleic acid [4] (Arkema method) and on the hydroformylation of 1-hexene with rhodium 2-ethylhexanoate as a catalyst upon addition of some 2-ethylhexanoic acid (Oxea method): [2] [5]
The net result of the reaction will be an alcohol. The reaction equation for hydration of ethylene is: H 2 C=CH 2 + H 2 O→ H 3 C-CH 2 OH Example of hydrohalogenation: addition of HBr to an alkene. Hydrohalogenation involves addition of H−X to unsaturated hydrocarbons. This reaction results in new C−H and C−X σ bonds.