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Sildenafil, sold under the brand name Viagra among others, is a medication used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. [4] [8] It is also sometimes used off-label for the treatment of certain symptoms in secondary Raynaud's phenomenon. [9]
Chemical structure of sildenafil (Viagra), the prototypical PDE5 inhibitor. A phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5 inhibitor) is a vasodilating drug that works by blocking the degradative action of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) on cyclic GMP in the smooth muscle cells lining the blood vessels supplying various tissues.
Lipoic acid (LA), also known as α-lipoic acid, alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) and thioctic acid, is an organosulfur compound derived from caprylic acid (octanoic acid). [3] ALA, which is made in animals normally, is essential for aerobic metabolism. It is also available as a dietary supplement or pharmaceutical drug in some countries.
Trimix is a combination of three drugs: alprostadil, papaverine, and phentolamine. These medications work in combination to increase blood flow to the penis, resulting in an erection.
Antipsychotic drugs are also responsible for several mechanisms that lead to erectile dysfunction. Mechanisms such as acetylcholine receptor antagonism and alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonism reduces periphery vasodilation, inducing erectile dysfunction. [27] Overindulgence in alcohol may also cause temporary inability to achieve an erection.
The term erectile dysfunction does not encompass other erection-related disorders, such as priapism. Treatment of ED encompasses addressing the underlying causes, lifestyle modification, and addressing psychosocial issues. [4] In many instances, medication-based therapies are used, specifically PDE5 inhibitors like sildenafil. [13]
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