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Nerve compression syndrome, or compression neuropathy, or nerve entrapment syndrome, is a medical condition caused by chronic, direct pressure on a peripheral nerve. [1] It is known colloquially as a trapped nerve, though this may also refer to nerve root compression (by a herniated disc, for example).
The root cause is thought to be loss of soluble proteins within the fluid contained in the disc with resultant reduction of the oncotic pressure, which in turn causes loss of fluid volume. Normal downward forces cause the affected disc to lose height, and the distance between vertebrae is reduced.
Causes can be bone fragments from a vertebral fracture, a tumor, abscess, ruptured intervertebral disc or other lesion. When acute it can cause a medical emergency independent of its cause, and require swift diagnosis and treatment to prevent long-term disability due to irreversible spinal cord injury .
Radiculopathy (with or without radicular pain), [20] a neurologic condition in which nerve root dysfunction causes objective signs such as weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of reflex. Cauda equina syndrome: [22] lower extremity pain, weakness, numbness that may involve perineum and buttocks, associated with bladder and bowel dysfunction.
The general cause of CSM is the compression of the spinal cord and related nerve roots as a result of the deterioration of the spinal column. The narrowing of the spinal canal due to the inability of the disc to structurally support the vertebrae results in compression. [ 10 ]
Some authors favour degeneration of the intervertebral disc as the major cause of spinal disc herniation and cite trauma as a minor cause. [7] Disc degeneration occurs both in degenerative disc disease and aging. [8] With degeneration, the disc components – the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus – become exposed to altered loads ...
For some, it's their hair, whether that be the length, texture, color or shine. On average, there are approximately 100,000 hair follicles on the human head. Despite this, hair loss happens to ...
The compression of the spinal nerve roots that control movements and sensations in the lower body subsequently causes the symptoms of NC. [5] The causes of LSS are most commonly acquired and include degenerative changes such as degenerative disc disease and spinal osteoarthritis .