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Serious side effects may include rhabdomyolysis, liver problems, and diabetes. [5] Use during pregnancy may harm the fetus. [5] Like all statins, pravastatin works by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme found in liver that plays a role in producing cholesterol. [5] Pravastatin was patented in 1980 and approved for medical use in 1989. [6]
The most common side effects are abdominal distension (bloating), abdominal pain (stomach ache), constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, dyspepsia (heartburn), eructation (belching), flatulence (gas), nausea (feeling sick), abdominal discomfort, vomiting and raised blood levels of liver enzymes.
The most important adverse side effects are muscle problems, an increased risk of diabetes mellitus, and increased liver enzymes in the blood due to liver damage. [ 5 ] [ 65 ] Over 5 years of treatment statins result in 75 cases of diabetes, 7.5 cases of bleeding stroke , and 5 cases of muscle damage per 10,000 people treated. [ 34 ]
The difference in selectivity is because lipophilic statins passively and non-selectively diffuse into both hepatocyte and non-heptatocyte, while the hydrophilic statins rely largely on active transport into hepatocyte to exert their effects. [5] [12] High hepatoselectivity is thought to translate into reduced risk of adverse effects. [7]
The effects of rosuvastatin on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol are dose-related. Higher doses were more efficacious in improving the lipid profile of patients with hypercholesterolemia than milligram-equivalent doses of atorvastatin and milligram-equivalent or higher doses of simvastatin and pravastatin.
Myalgia or muscle pain is a painful sensation evolving from muscle tissue.It is a symptom of many diseases.The most common cause of acute myalgia is the overuse of a muscle or group of muscles; another likely cause is viral infection, especially when there has been no injury.
Commonly prescribed drugs are prescribed according to guidelines around the world. For instance, for ischemic heart disease, the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guideline is used in the United States and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guideline is used in Europe.
The Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy–Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 22 trial, also known as PROVE-IT TIMI 22, was a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial that recruited 4,162 people admitted within 10 days of an acute coronary event and randomised them to the lipid-lowering drugs pravastatin (40 mg) or atorvastatin (80 mg) and a 10-day course of the ...