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The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) is an anatomical-based coding system created by the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine to classify and describe the severity of injuries. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It represents the threat to life associated with the injury rather than the comprehensive assessment of the severity of the injury. [ 4 ]
The Injury Severity Score (ISS) is an established medical score to assess trauma severity. [1] [2] It correlates with mortality, morbidity and hospitalization time after trauma. It is used to define the term major trauma. A major trauma (or polytrauma) is defined as the Injury Severity Score being greater than 15. [2]
14 (E878–E879) Surgical and medical procedures as the cause of abnormal reaction of patient or later complication, without mention of misadventure at the time of procedure 15 (E880–E888) Accidental falls
Crashed car. Vehicle extrication is the process of removing a patient from a vehicle which has been involved in a motor vehicle collision. [1] Patients who have not already exited a crashed vehicle may be medically (cannot exit a vehicle due to their injuries) or physically trapped, [2] and may be pinned by wreckage, or unable to exit the vehicle because a door will not open.
The Emergency Severity Index (ESI) is a five-level emergency department triage algorithm, initially developed in 1998 by emergency physicians Richard Wurez and David Eitel. [1] It was previously maintained by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) but is currently maintained by the Emergency Nurses Association (ENA).
Risk is the lack of certainty about the outcome of making a particular choice. Statistically, the level of downside risk can be calculated as the product of the probability that harm occurs (e.g., that an accident happens) multiplied by the severity of that harm (i.e., the average amount of harm or more conservatively the maximum credible amount of harm).
The score range is 0–12. In START triage, a patient with an RTS score of 12 is labeled delayed, 11 is urgent, and 3–10 is immediate. Those who have an RTS below 3 are declared dead and should not receive certain care because they are highly unlikely to survive without a significant amount of resources.
Advanced Automatic Collision Notification (AACN) is the successor to Automatic Collision Notification (ACN). the CDC and the CDC Foundation partnered with OnStar and the GM Foundation to develop procedures to help emergency medical responders determine whether a motorist needs care at a trauma center after a vehicle crash.