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However, any horse that can store excess amounts of glycogen, usually genetic, can develop this form of ER. [1] Recurrent Exertional Rhabdomyolysis (RER) is commonly found in breeds that are high strung such as Arabians and thoroughbreds. However, any horse can develop this type of ER if it displays abnormal muscle contractions. [1]
The digestive system of the horse evolved for its grazing lifestyle, where it would almost constantly eat small amounts of roughage throughout the day. Unlike carnivores, who produce stomach acid during meals, horses constantly secrete acid [1] to help digest this source of grass, leading up to 9 gallons produced per day. [2]
Equine influenza (horse flu) is the disease caused by strains of influenza A that are enzootic in horse species. Equine influenza occurs globally, previously caused by two main strains of virus: equine-1 ( H7N7 ) and equine-2 ( H3N8 ). [ 1 ]
Horses can develop a number of muscle disorders, many of which may progress to rhabdomyolysis. Of these, some cause isolated attacks of rhabdomyolysis (e.g., dietary deficiency in vitamin E and selenium , poisoning associated with pasture or agricultural poisons such as organophosphates ), while others predispose to exertional rhabdomyolysis (e ...
The amount of forage a horse is given or has access to is extremely important as the equine digestive tract continuously produces acid, therefore the horse’s digestive tract must contain food most of time; if a horse is without forage for more than 3 hours, the acid in the digestive tract will build up which can cause ulcers, diarrhea, and ...
Surgery may need to be performed to rule out colic with similar presenting signs such as obstruction or strangulation, [4] and in cases that are long-standing (> 7 days) to perform a resection and anastomosis of the diseased bowel. [3] However, some horses have recovered with long-term medical support (up to 20 days). [2]
[11] [12] Horses that undergo long-term stall rest require a slow, progressive rehabilitation program to try to prevent re-injury of the original tissue or injury to a new area now weakened by prolonged disuse. In some cases of soft tissue injury, low-impact exercise, such as hand walking or walking under tack, can be more beneficial if ...
However, it has low bioavailability in horses, [25] and does not appear to affect insulin sensitivity at doses that are commonly used. [26] Its current mechanism of action in horses is thought to be a reduction in intestinal glucose absorption, and therefore postprandial glucose levels, when it is given before meals. [27]