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The basic operating principle of an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR) is the use of a strong magnetic field to control the entropy of a sample of material, often called the "refrigerant". Magnetic field constrains the orientation of magnetic dipoles in the refrigerant.
Magnetic viewing film showing a flat refrigerator magnet's magnetization Flat flexible (not hard ceramic ferrite ) refrigerator magnets are created with a Halbach magnetization pattern for a stronger holding force when attached to a flat ferromagnetic surface (e.g. a fridge door) than the holding force from a uniform magnetization.
Magnets are also used in other types of fastening devices, such as the magnetic base, the magnetic clamp and the refrigerator magnet. Compasses: A compass (or mariner's compass) is a magnetized pointer free to align itself with a magnetic field, most commonly Earth's magnetic field.
Magnetic refrigeration, or adiabatic demagnetization, is a cooling technology based on the magnetocaloric effect, an intrinsic property of magnetic solids. The refrigerant is often a paramagnetic salt, such as cerium magnesium nitrate. The active magnetic dipoles in this case are those of the electron shells of the paramagnetic atoms.
Scratches and general wear are common causes of demagnetization, but prolonged exposure to magnets can also ruin a card’s magnetic strip. Fortunately, you don’t need to worry about magnetic ...
This use of superconducting coils to store magnetic energy was invented by M. Ferrier in 1970. [2] A typical SMES system includes three parts: superconducting coil, power conditioning system and cryogenically cooled refrigerator. Once the superconducting coil is energized, the current will not decay and the magnetic energy can be stored ...