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Moreover, the main lobe of the MSK signal is wider, which means more energy in the null-to-null bandwidth. However, this can be also the disadvantage where extremely narrow bandwidth is required (null-to-null bandwidth of QPSK is equal to 3dB-bandwidth, null-to-null bandwidth of the MSK signal is 1.5 times as large as the 3dB-bandwidth. [6]
It was originally created for MS-DOS, and OS/2 versions were released up to version 4.4. [1] Several editions of each version, such as MKS Toolkit for developers, power users, enterprise developers and interoperability are available, with the enterprise developer edition being the most complete. [2] Before PTC, MKS Toolkit was owned by MKS Inc.
Based on Apple QuickTime 7.2, [6] QuickTime Alternative 1.95 is the first version that doesn't support Windows 2000 [7] or CPUs without SSE. [7] On December 15, 2007, QuickTime Alternative 2.20 was released and it was based on Apple QuickTime 7.3.1.70. From this version upwards support for CPUs without SSE is restored back again. [8]
Bluetooth 1 modulates with Gaussian minimum-shift keying, a binary scheme, so either modulation choice in version 2 will yield a higher data rate. A similar technology, IEEE 802.15.4 (the wireless standard used by Zigbee ) also relies on PSK using two frequency bands: 868 MHz and 915 MHz with BPSK and at 2.4 GHz with OQPSK.
In fact, as M approaches infinity the required E b /N 0 ratio decreases asymptotically to the Shannon limit of −1.6 dB. However this decrease is slow with increasing M, and large values are impractical because of the exponential increase in required bandwidth.
The latest version of the Qt Framework is Qt 6.8, which was released on 8 October 2024. [16]Also still supported are — for commercial users — 6.5 LTS, released on 3 April 2023, 6.2 LTS, [17] released on 30 September 2021, and 5.15 LTS, released on 26 May 2020 – long-term support (LTS) versions are generally supported for three years with a commercial license, while 5.15 support was ...
Minimum frequency-shift keying or minimum-shift keying (MSK) is a particular spectrally efficient form of coherent FSK. In MSK, the difference between the higher and lower frequency is identical to half the bit rate. Consequently, the waveforms that represent a 0 and a 1 bit differ by exactly half a carrier period.
Continuous phase modulation (CPM) is a method for modulation of data commonly used in wireless modems.In contrast to other coherent digital phase modulation techniques where the carrier phase abruptly resets to zero at the start of every symbol (e.g. M-PSK), with CPM the carrier phase is modulated in a continuous manner.