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Sinar Mas was founded by a Chinese Indonesian tycoon, Eka Tjipta Widjaja. Sinar Mas businesses operate in different sectors such as pulp & paper, real estate, financial services, agribusiness, telecommunications, and mining. The businesses are listed in the Indonesian and Singapore stock exchanges.
Asia Pulp & Paper was founded as Tjiwi Kimia by Eka Tjipta Widjaja who at the time was a refiner of coconut oil. In 1972 he started Pabrik Kertas Tjiwi Kimia along with Taiwanese investors with the purpose of making paper. [1]
PT Bank Sinarmas Tbk is a subsidiary of Sinar Mas Multiartha engaged in banking. To support its business activities, by the end of 2020, the bank has 69 branch offices , 134 sub-branch offices, 140 cash offices, 28 sharia branch offices, and 12 sharia cash offices.
In 2022, the Ministry of Industry estimated that Indonesia's pulp and paper industry employed 161,000 workers directly and 1.2 million workers indirectly. The industry had an installed production capacity of 12.1 million tonnes of pulp and 18.3 million tonnes of paper annually, the eighth-largest in the world. [9]
Located in the Riau province of Indonesia, APRIL operates one of the world’s largest pulp and paper mills. [8] With an annual pulp production capacity of 2.8 million tons and an annual fine paper production capacity of 820,000 tons, [9] it generates employment opportunities for 90,000 local people and represents 6.9% of Riau Province’s economic output (2009).
Widjaja was born Oei Ek Tjhong (c. 1921 [a] –2019, born in Quanzhou, China as Oei Ėk-Tjhong) [7] He was the son of a Celebes-based trader. [8]Around 1930, he and his mother moved to Indonesia–then the Dutch East Indies–to join his father who had already settled in Makassar, Sulawesi, and he started helping his father to run a small shop.
This is a list of noble titles commonly used at the Surakarta and Yogyakarta courts, including the Mangkunegaran and Pakualaman palaces. As the symbols and centres of Javanese culture, the sovereigns of both these courts still hold high esteem in Javanese society and Indonesian society in general.
Yang di-Pertua Negeri (YDPN) is not a royal title, but the title of 'The Head of the State' (the 'Supreme Head') for the state of Penang, Melaka, Sabah, and Sarawak, which do not have hereditary rulers. Yang di-Pertua Negeri is installed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. The title is sometimes translated as 'Governor' in English.