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Fluoride therapy is the use of fluoride for medical purposes. [2] Fluoride supplements are recommended to prevent tooth decay in children older than six months in areas where the drinking water is low in fluoride. [3] It is typically used as a liquid, pill, or paste by mouth. [4] Fluoride has also been used to treat a number of bone diseases. [5]
The World Health Organization recommends a guideline maximum fluoride value of 1.5 mg/L as a level at which fluorosis should be minimal. [80] In rare cases improper implementation of water fluoridation can result in overfluoridation that causes outbreaks of acute fluoride poisoning, with symptoms that include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Fluoride or fluorine deficiency is a disorder which may cause increased dental caries [1] and possibly osteoporosis, [2] [3] due to a lack of fluoride in diet. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Common dietary sources of fluoride include tea, grape juice, wine, raisins, some seafood, coffee, and tap water that has been fluoridated . [ 6 ]
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) is the largest professional association of pediatricians in the United States. [1] It is headquartered in Itasca, Illinois , and maintains an office in Washington, D.C. [ 2 ] The AAP has published hundreds of policy statements, ranging from advocacy issues to practice recommendations.
However, the report’s conclusion was based on fluoride levels of over 1.5 milligrams of fluoride per liter — more than double the amount used in Manatee County’s water supply.
Dental fluorosis is caused by a higher than normal amount of fluoride ingestion whilst teeth are forming. Primary dentine fluorosis and enamel fluorosis can only happen during tooth formation, so fluoride exposure occurs in childhood. Enamel fluorosis has a white opaque appearance which is due to the surface of the enamel being hypomineralised ...
Dr. Tanner points out that a 2016 clinical report from the AAP, which is referenced in the new guidelines, cautioned that teens might use unhealthy behaviors to try to lose weight. The report ...
Fluoride varnish is widely used in the United Kingdom, following guidelines from multiple sources backing its efficacy. Public Health England, a UK government organisation sponsored by the Department of Health, released guidance in 2014 recommending fluoride varnish application at least twice yearly for children and young adults. [13]