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The landed gentry, or the gentry (sometimes collectively known as the squirearchy), is a largely historical Irish and British social class of landowners who could live entirely from rental income, or at least had a country estate.
This is an incomplete index of the current and historical principal family seats of English royal, titled and landed gentry families. Some of these seats are no longer occupied by the families with which they are associated, and some are ruinous – e.g. Lowther Castle.
This is an incomplete index of the current and historical principal family seats of clans, peers and landed gentry families in Ireland. Most of the houses belonged to the Old English and Anglo-Irish aristocracy, and many of those located in the present Republic of Ireland were abandoned, sold or destroyed following the Irish War of Independence and Irish Civil War of the early 1920s.
Wood notes that "Few members of the American gentry were able to live idly off the rents of tenants as the English landed aristocracy did." [6] Some landowners, especially in the Dutch areas of Upstate New York, leased out their lands to tenants, but generally—"Plain Folk of the Old South"—ordinary farmers owned their cultivated holdings. [7]
In the destruction of the country houses of the aristocracy and landed gentry, the IRA hoped to overcome a culture of deference towards the landowning class. [9] As early as 1918, IRA organiser Ernie O'Malley had his Volunteers train in demesne grounds to "rid them of their inherent respect for the owners".
Landed Lords of the Manor historically made up the majority of the gentry in England. A lordship of the manor does not entitle the holder to the title of 'Lord'. Ownership can be noted on request in British passports through an official observation worded, 'The Holder is the Lord of the Manor of [place name]'.
Burke's Landed Gentry (originally titled Burke's Commoners) is a reference work listing families in Great Britain and Ireland who have owned rural estates of some size. The work has been in existence from the first half of the 19th century, and was founded by John Burke .
The Gentry: The Rise and Fall of a Ruling Class (1976) online; O'Hart, John. The Irish And Anglo-Irish Landed Gentry, When Cromwell Came to Ireland: or, a Supplement to Irish Pedigrees (2 vols) (reprinted 2007) Sayer, M. J. English Nobility: The Gentry, the Heralds and the Continental Context (Norwich, 1979) Wallis, Patrick, and Cliff Webb.