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A contract is an agreement entered into by two or more parties with the serious intention of creating a legal obligation; i.e. an obligationary agreement. A contract in South Africa is classified as an obligationary agreement—it creates enforceable obligations—and ought therefore to be distinguished from liberatory agreements (whereby ...
Legal jurisdictions which provide for apparent authority include the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and South Africa.The doctrine of apparent authority is based on the concept of estoppel, thus, it prevents the principal from denying the existence of agency to a third party, provided that a representation, as to the agent's authority, has been made by him to the third ...
Eastern Cape and Others v Contractprops 25 (Pty) Ltd 2001 (4) SA 142 (A); [2001] 4 All SA 273 (A).; A W G Raath, "Publiekregtelike estoppel, bilikheid en die ontwikkeling van die gemenereg: 'n vonnisbespreking van Eastern Cape Provincial Government v Contractprops 25 (Pty) Ltd en Eastern Metropolitan Substructure v Peter Klein Investments (Pty) Ltd: chronicle" (2005) 30(2) Tydskrif vir ...
South African investigators are seeking to recover more than 400 million rand ($23 million) from German software firm SAP for two government contracts they allege were entered into unlawfully ...
Estoppel by deed is a rule of evidence arising from the status of a contract signed under seal—such agreements, called deeds, are more strictly enforced than ordinary contracts and the parties are expected to take greater care to verify the contents before signing them. Hence, once signed, all statements of fact (usually found in the opening ...
An Estoppel Certificate (or Estoppel Letter) is a document commonly used in due diligence in real estate and mortgage activities. It is based on estoppel, the legal principle that prevents or estops someone from claiming a change in the agreement later on. [1] It is used in a variety of countries for commercial and residential transactions.
By default, each general partner has an equal right to participate in the management and control of the business. Disagreements in the ordinary course of partnership business are decided by a majority of the partners, and disagreements of extraordinary matters and amendments to the partnership agreement require the consent of all partners.
The Government of South Africa, or South African Government, is the national government of the Republic of South Africa, a parliamentary republic with a three-tier system of government and an independent judiciary, operating in a parliamentary system. Legislative authority is held by the Parliament of South Africa.