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At one time, Roman brick was one of three available brick types in the United States; the other two were "Standard" (dimensions of 3.625 by 2.25 by 7.625 inches (9 cm × 6 cm × 19 cm) [21]) and "Norman (dimensions of 4 by 2.66 by 12 inches (10 cm × 7 cm × 30 cm) [22])."
In the United States, modern standard bricks are specified for various uses; [47] The most commonly used is the modular brick has the actual dimensions of 7 + 5 ⁄ 8 × 3 + 5 ⁄ 8 × 2 + 1 ⁄ 4 inches (194 × 92 × 57 mm).
A stock or stock board is an iron-faced block of wood fixed to the surface of the moulder's bench. The brick mould fits over the stock; the brick maker fills the mould with prepared clay and cuts it off with a wire level with the top of the mould, before turning out the 'green' brick onto a wooden board called a pallet for drying and firing. [1]
Coordination dimensions are the actual physical dimensions of the brick with the mortar required on one header face, one stretcher face and one bed. Working dimensions is the size of a manufactured brick. It is also called the nominal size of a brick. Brick size may be slightly different due to shrinkage or distortion due to firing, etc. An ...
A standard metric (concrete) block is 190 mm wide, 390 mm long, and 190 mm high, which allows for 10 mm mortar joints in between bricks, giving a standard unit size of 200 mm square by 400 mm long. [3] A standard metric brick is 90 by 57 by 190 mm; with 10 mm of mortar, that produces a standard unit of 100 mm x 200 mm. [3]
Manual brick manufacture. Illustration from Louis Figuier, Les merveilles de l ' industrie (1879).. The word "brick" may be of Dutch origin. [2] [3] A 1901 dictionary of architecture defines "brick" as "a regularly shaped piece of clay hardened in the sun or by the heat of a kiln and intended for building; commonly one of very many pieces of uniform size".
Mudbrick or mud-brick, also known as unfired brick, is an air-dried brick, made of a mixture of mud (containing loam, clay, sand and water) mixed with a binding material such as rice husks or straw. Mudbricks are known from 9000 BCE. From around 5000–4000 BCE, mudbricks evolved into fired bricks to increase strength and durability.
Brick and lime mortar as well as lime or gypsum plaster, and lime concrete were the most favoured building materials, although stone (such as red stone and white marble) were also used in a number of shrines. [9] Many fortresses were built using these bricks. [10] They come in 4”x4” and 4”x6’’ sizes. [6]