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De facto corporation and corporation by estoppel are both terms that are used by courts in most common law jurisdictions to describe circumstances in which a business organization that has failed to become a de jure corporation (a corporation by law) will nonetheless be treated as a corporation, thereby shielding shareholders from liability. [1]
English: Republic Act No. 11494 (Bayanihan to Recover as One Act) PDF file on the Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines website, signed by President Rodrigo Duterte on September 11, 2020
stG (stille Gesellschaft): ≈ partnership by estoppel (i.e., no partnership agreement) GesbR (Gesellschaft des bürgerlichen Rechts): ≈ partnership by contract (i.e., formed by partnership agreement); statutes and regulations concerning Austrian companies, especially with regards to the companies register (Firmenbuch), do not apply.
Financial document viewer (PrzeglÄ…darka dokumentów finansowych) (in Polish) [72] - the official free viewer of financial documents that allows downloading financial documents of an entity entered in the Register of Entrepreneurs of the National Court Register, in particular financial statements, reports on activities, resolutions on the ...
Articles of partnership is a voluntary contract between/among two or more persons to place their capital, labor, and skills into a business, with the understanding that there will be a sharing of the profits and losses between/among partners. Outside of North America, it is normally referred to simply as a partnership agreement. [1]
In Bangladesh, the relevant law for regulating partnership is the Partnership Act 1932. [2] A partnership is defined as the relation between persons who have agreed to share the profits of a business carried on by all or any of them acting for all. [3] The law does not require written partnership agreement between the partners to form a ...
Legal jurisdictions which provide for apparent authority include the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and South Africa.The doctrine of apparent authority is based on the concept of estoppel, thus, it prevents the principal from denying the existence of agency to a third party, provided that a representation, as to the agent's authority, has been made by him to the third ...
The second characteristic of a corporation, namely, that unlike a natural person it can only make a representation through an agent, has the consequence that in order to create an estoppel between the corporation and the contractor, the representation as to the authority of the agent which creates his "apparent" authority must be made by some ...