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Klebsiella oxytoca on agar plate. Klebsiella oxytoca is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is closely related to K. pneumoniae, from which it is distinguished by being indole-positive; it also has slightly different growth characteristics in that it is able to grow on melezitose, but not 3-hydroxybutyrate.
Klebsiella is a genus of Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, rod-shaped bacteria with a prominent polysaccharide-based capsule. [3] Klebsiella is named after German-Swiss microbiologist Edwin Klebs (1834–1913). Carl Friedlander described Klebsiella bacillus which is why it was termed Friedlander bacillus for many years.
The genus Klebsiella was named after the German microbiologist Edwin Klebs (1834–1913). [citation needed] It is also known as Friedlander's bacillum in honor of Carl Friedländer, a German pathologist, who proposed that this bacterium was the etiological factor for the pneumonia seen especially in immunocompromised individuals such as people with chronic diseases or alcoholics.
On carbohydrate-rich media, Klebsiella colonies appear greyish-white in colour with a mucosal outer surface. [6] The media used for selecting for Klebsiella species in a mixed sample is an agar including ornithine, raffinose, and Koser citrate, where members of this genus will form yellow, wet-looking colonies. [8]
Klebsiella aerogenes, [2] previously known as Enterobacter aerogenes, is a Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, citrate-positive, indole-negative, rod-shaped bacterium. [3] Capable of motility via peritrichous flagella, [ 4 ] it is approximately one to three microns in length.
4-Hydroxycinnamate decarboxylase can also be induced in bacteria species such as Klebsiella oxytoca and works also with p-coumaric acid analogs such as caffeic acid, ferulic acid and E-2,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid. [4]
Tilivalline is a nonribosomal enterotoxin and was the first naturally occurring pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) to be associated with disease in the human intestine. [1] Previous work has shown that PBD tilivalline produced by Klebsiella oxytoca was linked to the pathogenesis of colitis in animal model of antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis (AAHC). [2]
By utilizing the lactose available in the medium, Lac+ bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Enterobacter and Klebsiella will produce acid, which lowers the pH of the agar below 6.8 and results in the appearance of pink colonies. The bile salts precipitate in the immediate neighborhood of the colony, causing the medium surrounding the colony to ...