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The proportionately thicker bones in the elephant are an example of allometric scaling Allometry ( Ancient Greek ἄλλος állos "other", μέτρον métron "measurement") is the study of the relationship of body size to shape , [ 1 ] anatomy , physiology and behaviour, [ 2 ] first outlined by Otto Snell in 1892, [ 3 ] by D'Arcy Thompson ...
Allometric engineering is the process of experimentally shifting the scaling relationships, for body size or shape, in a population of organisms. More specifically, the process of experimentally breaking the tight covariance evident among component traits of a complex phenotype by altering the variance of one trait relative to another.
Allometry studies the relative size of organs or parts of organisms. Tree allometry narrows the definition to applications involving measurements of the growth or size of trees. Allometric relationships often are used to estimate difficult tree measurements, such as volume, from an easily measured attribute such as diameter at breast height (DBH).
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Transformation of geographic coordinates (longitude and latitude) to Cartesian (x,y) or polar (r, θ) plane coordinates. In large-scale maps, Cartesian coordinates normally have a simple relation to eastings and northings defined as a grid superimposed on the projection. In small-scale maps, eastings and northings are not meaningful, and grids ...
A small-scale map cover large regions, such as world maps, continents or large nations. In other words, they show large areas of land on a small space. They are called small scale because the representative fraction is relatively small. Large-scale maps show smaller areas in more detail, such as county maps or town plans might. Such maps are ...
In different contexts, "scale" could have very different connotations, which could be classified as follows: [4] Geographic scale or the scale of observation: the spatial extent of a study. E.g. a spatial analysis of the entire United States might be considered a large-scale one, while a study on a city has a relatively small scale.
The continental scale level refers to a continent; The global scale applies to the entire world; The fluvial scale level relates to river basins (this scale level is mainly used in the context of pollution, for example). Global and continental scale: the world with continents. National and regional scale:The United States with all the states ...