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Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), also known as obstetric cholestasis, cholestasis of pregnancy, jaundice of pregnancy, and prurigo gravidarum, [1] is a medical condition in which cholestasis occurs during pregnancy. [2] It typically presents with itching and can lead to complications for both mother and fetus. [2]
Cholestasis is a condition where the flow of bile from the liver to the duodenum is impaired. [1] The two basic distinctions are: [1] obstructive type of cholestasis, where there is a mechanical blockage in the duct system that can occur from a gallstone or malignancy, and
Cholestatic pruritus is the sensation of itch due to nearly any liver disease, but the most commonly associated entities are primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, obstructive choledocholithiasis, carcinoma of the bile duct, cholestasis (also see drug-induced pruritus), and chronic hepatitis C viral infection and other forms of viral hepatitis.
Cholestatic jaundice; Liver injury; Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [Note 23] ... False-positive pregnancy tests; Allergic reaction; Fits; Cerebral oedema [Note 34]
Bile acids are related to the itching which is common in cholestatic conditions such as primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis or intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. [24] Treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid has been used for many years in these cholestatic disorders. [25] [26]
Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is a group of familial cholestatic conditions caused by defects in biliary epithelial transporters. The clinical presentation usually occurs first in childhood with progressive cholestasis. This usually leads to failure to thrive, cirrhosis, and the need for liver transplantation. [citation ...
ABCB11 is a gene associated with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 (PFIC2). [5] [11] [12] [13] PFIC2 caused by mutations in the ABCB11 gene increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in early life. [14] Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC) is associated with episodic cholestatic jaundice and mutations in ...
Hypoglycaemia is likely to occur with abrupt cessation of TPN. Liver dysfunction can be limited to a reversible cholestatic jaundice and to fatty infiltration (demonstrated by elevated transaminases). Severe hepatic dysfunction is a rare complication. [37] Overall, patients receiving TPN have a higher rate of infectious complications.