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The Coffman engine starter (also known as a "shotgun starter") was a starting system used on many piston engines in aircraft and armored vehicles of the 1930s and 1940s. It used a cordite cartridge to move a piston, which cranked the engine.
The Coffman starter was an explosive cartridge operated device, the burning gases either operating directly in the cylinders to rotate the engine or operating through a geared drive. First introduced on the Junkers Jumo 205 diesel engine in 1936 the Coffman starter was not widely used by civil operators due to the expense of the cartridges. [11]
Early Mk IXs had a teardrop shaped blister (a bulge) for a Coffman engine starter [nb 1] on the lower starboard side cowling, just behind the propeller. This was replaced by an improved electric starter on most two-stage Merlin powered Spitfires and, from late 1942 the blister like bulge was seen on only a few aircraft.
Mk VIs were built with the Coffman cartridge starter, with a small teardrop fairing just ahead of the compressor intake. [100] The engine was a Rolls-Royce Merlin 47 driving a four-bladed Rotol propeller of 10 ft 9 in (3.27 m) diameter; the new propeller provided increased thrust at high altitudes, where the atmosphere is much thinner. To help ...
A "low altitude" version of Merlin with cropped supercharger impellers for increased power at lower altitudes, as per the Merlin XXX; fitted with a Coffman engine starter; used mainly in Fleet Air Arm aircraft. [8] First production Merlin 32 delivered 17 June 1942. [6] Merlin 33 1,400 hp (1,044 kW) at 3,000 rpm
Coffman engine starter; Cold start (automotive) Compression release; F. ... Starting engine; Startix This page was last edited on 14 June 2011, at 00:06 (UTC). ...
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1,645 hp (1,227 kW) at 3,000 rpm at 2,500 ft (760 m); a "low altitude" version of Merlin with cropped supercharger impellers for increased power at lower altitudes and a maximum boost pressure of +18 psi; fitted with Coffman engine starter; used mainly in Fleet Air Arm aircraft, mainly the Fairey Barracuda Mk.II torpedo bomber and Supermarine ...