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[15] [16] Similarly, increasing the duration of a stimulus available in a reaction time task was found to produce slightly faster reaction times to visual [15] and auditory stimuli, [17] though these effects tend to be small and are largely consequent of the sensitivity to sensory receptors. [8]
If a lightweight spaceship (LWSS) hits the colliding gliders, it will appear to move forwards by 11 cells in only 6 generations, and thus travel faster than light. [4] This illusion happens because the glider annihilation reaction proceeds by the creation and soon-after destruction of another LWSS.
A high level of S–R compatibility is typically associated with a shorter reaction time, whereas a low level of S-R compatibility tends to result in a longer reaction time, a phenomenon known as the Simon effect. The term "stimulus-response compatibility" was first coined by Arnold Small in a presentation in 1951. [1]
The time course of the response priming effect described so far only holds for SOAs up to about 100 ms. For longer SOAs, the priming effect can increase further. Under some circumstances, however, a reversal of the effect can be observed where inconsistent primes lead to faster responses to the target than do consistent primes.
The Simon effect is the difference in accuracy or reaction time between trials in which stimulus and response are on the same side and trials in which they are on opposite sides, with responses being generally slower and less accurate when the stimulus and response are on opposite sides. The task is similar in concept to the Stroop Effect. [1]
Exceptions to Hick's law have been identified in studies of verbal response to familiar stimuli, where there is no relationship or only a subtle increase in the reaction time associated with an increased number of elements, [5] and saccade responses, where it was shown that there is either no relationship, [6] or a decrease in the saccadic time ...
In the context of this article, "faster-than-light" means the transmission of information or matter faster than c, a constant equal to the speed of light in vacuum, which is 299,792,458 m/s (by definition of the metre) [3] or about 186,282.397 miles per second. This is not quite the same as traveling faster than light, since:
That is, time dilation can be measured by synchronizing two stationary clocks A and B, and then the readings of a moving clock C are compared with them. Changing the convention of synchronization for A and B makes the value for time dilation (like the one-way speed of light) directional dependent.