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Visual or vision impairment (VI or VIP) is the partial or total inability of visual perception.In the absence of treatment such as corrective eyewear, assistive devices, and medical treatment, visual impairment may cause the individual difficulties with normal daily tasks, including reading and walking. [6]
It results in decreased vision in an eye that typically appears normal in other aspects. [1] Amblyopia is the most common cause of decreased vision in a single eye among children and younger adults. [1] The cause of amblyopia can be any condition that interferes with focusing during early childhood.
[76] [71] Sulphonamide therapy can cause ciliary body edema, resulting in anterior displacement of the lens, pushing the eye out of focus. [68] Elevation of blood-glucose levels can also cause edema (swelling) of the crystalline lens as a result of sorbitol accumulating in the lens. This edema often causes temporary myopia.
Such movements can cause irritation and fatigue to the eyes. [9] Glaucoma: occurs when the optic nerve is damaged and can result in irreversible vision loss, with the potential to pass undetected until this damage occurs. It is caused when aqueous humour fails to adequately drain from the eye, resulting in pressure build-up. [10] Keratoconus ...
Alcohol intoxication can cause blurred vision. Use of cycloplegic drugs like atropine [4] or other anticholinergics cause visual blur due to paralysis of accommodation. [3] Cataracts: Cloudiness over the eye's lens, cause blurring of vision, halos around lights, and sensitivity to glare. [5] It is also the main cause of blindness worldwide. [2]
There are many diseases known to cause ocular or visual changes. Diabetes , for example, is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in those aged 20–74, with ocular manifestations such as diabetic retinopathy and macular edema affecting up to 80% of those who have had the disease for 15 years or more.