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Sleep cycle duration starts to resemble adult sleep more at 6 months, but doesn't fully resemble adult sleep until around 3 years old, which is generally around the time napping ceases as well. [2] Frequent night waking and the short sleep cycle in infants is thought to be adaptive.
During the first year of life, infants spend most of their time sleeping. An infant can go through several periods of change in sleep patterns. These can start at 1 week, occurring weekly or fortnightly, until 8 years of age due to innate and external factors that contribute to sleep. [3]
Napping behavior during daytime hours is the simplest form of polyphasic sleep, especially when the naps are taken on a daily basis. The term polyphasic sleep was first used in the early 20th century by psychologist J. S. Szymanski, who observed daily fluctuations in activity patterns. [2] It does not imply any particular sleep schedule.
[2] [3] It is characterized by numerous naps throughout the 24-hour period, no main nighttime sleep episode, and irregularity from day to day. [4] Affected individuals have no pattern of when they are awake or asleep, may have poor quality sleep, and often may be very sleepy while they are awake.
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimates that 2.5% of fatal crashes and 2% of injury crashes involve drowsy driving. [22] Fatigue is associated with 250 fatalities in air carrier accidents in the last 16 years. [23] The 2016 Croydon tram derailment, a result of a suspected microsleep afflicting the driver
Sleep hygiene studies use different sets of sleep hygiene recommendations, [15] and the evidence that improving sleep hygiene improves sleep quality is weak and inconclusive as of 2014. [2] Most research on sleep hygiene principles has been conducted in clinical settings, and there is a need for more research on non-clinical populations.
A nap is a form of biphasic or polyphasic sleep, where the latter terms also include longer periods of sleep in addition to one period. For years, scientists have been investigating the benefits of napping, including the 30-minute nap as well as sleep durations of 1–2 hours. Performance across a wide range of cognitive processes has been ...
Sleep-related movements are commonly seen in children, especially infants. However, the majority of these movements stop as the child ages. Some 66% of infants of 9-months show RMD-like symptoms compared to only 8% of 4 year olds. [2]