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Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an abnormal clonal proliferation of Langerhans cells, abnormal cells deriving from bone marrow and capable of migrating from skin to lymph nodes. Symptoms range from isolated bone lesions to multisystem disease . [ 1 ]
While uncommon in solid tumors, chromosomal translocations are a common cause of these diseases. This commonly leads to a different approach in diagnosis and treatment of hematological malignancies. Hematological malignancies are malignant neoplasms ("cancer"), and they are generally treated by specialists in hematology and/or oncology.
Before the Histiocyte Society classified histiocytoses in the 1980s, the condition was also known as "Histiocytosis X", where "X" denoted the then unknown cause. [9] [10] [11] It is now known as chronic multifocal Langerhans cell histiocytosis, a subtype of LCH. [3] The disease is rare. [12] Most present between the ages of two and six. [2]
Letterer–Siwe disease, (LSD) or Abt-Letterer-Siwe disease, is one of the four recognized clinical syndromes of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and is the most severe form, involving multiple organ systems such as the skin, bone marrow, spleen, liver, and lung. Oral cavity and gastrointestinal involvement may also be seen.
Indeterminate cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an uncommon proliferative illness where the predominant cells have characteristics from both non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis (NLCH) and Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in terms of morphology and immunophenotypic characteristics. [1]
Opinion: The incidence of cancer has slouched into middle age; one study published last year says the increase from 1990-2017 is a breathtaking 79%. ... Cancer diagnoses in adults under 50 ...
According to the American Cancer Society, the proportion of colorectal cancer cases occurring in people under age 55 doubled from 1995 to 2019, from 11% to 20%.
Langerhans cell is represented by a yellow oval; blue arrows correspond to is_a relations, and orange arrows correspond to develops_from relations. Only a subset of Langerhans cell parent types are included in the figure. [1] A Langerhans cell (LC) is a tissue-resident macrophage of the skin [2] once thought to be a resident dendritic cell. [3]