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In chemistry, a salt or ionic compound is a chemical compound consisting of an assembly of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions , [1] which results in a compound with no net electric charge (electrically neutral). The constituent ions are held together by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonds.
Compounds are organized into the following lists: List of inorganic compounds, compounds without a C–H bond; List of biomolecules; See also.
In ionic compounds there arise characteristic distances between ion neighbours from which the spatial extension and the ionic radius of individual ions may be derived. The most common type of ionic bonding is seen in compounds of metals and nonmetals (except noble gases, which rarely form chemical compounds).
An ionic compound is a chemical compound composed of ions held together by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonding. The compound is neutral overall, but consists of positively charged ions called cations and negatively charged ions called anions .
Inorganic compounds exhibit a range of bonding properties. Some are ionic compounds, consisting of very simple cations and anions joined by ionic bonding.Examples of salts (which are ionic compounds) are magnesium chloride MgCl 2, which consists of magnesium cations Mg 2+ and chloride anions Cl −; or sodium hydroxide NaOH, which consists of sodium cations Na + and hydroxide anions OH −.
Saturated aliphatic compounds are generally only sparingly soluble in ionic liquids, whereas alkenes show somewhat greater solubility, and aldehydes often completely miscible. Solubility differences can be exploited in biphasic catalysis, such as hydrogenation and hydrocarbonylation processes, allowing for relatively easy separation of products ...
Ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten or in solution, typically not when solid. Ionic compounds generally have a high melting point, depending on the charge of the ions they consist of. The higher the charges the stronger the cohesive forces and the higher the melting point.
For example, the ionic compounds potassium persulfate (K 2 S 2 O 8), mercury(I) nitrate Hg 2 (NO 3) 2, and sodium peroxide Na 2 O 2, have empirical formulas of KSO 4, HgNO 3, and NaO, respectively, being presented in the simplest whole number ratios. [7] In mineralogy, as minerals are almost exclusively either ionic or network solids, the ...