Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
In electrochemistry, the electrochemical potential of electrons (or any other species) is the total potential, including both the (internal, nonelectrical) chemical potential and the electric potential, and is by definition constant across a device in equilibrium, whereas the chemical potential of electrons is equal to the electrochemical ...
When a voltmeter is connected between two different types of metal, it measures the potential difference corrected for the different atomic environments. [6] The quantity measured by a voltmeter is called electrochemical potential or fermi level, while the pure unadjusted electric potential, V, is sometimes called the Galvani potential, ϕ.
The data below tabulates standard electrode potentials (E°), in volts relative to the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), at: . Temperature 298.15 K (25.00 °C; 77.00 °F); ...
In a p–n junction diode at equilibrium the chemical potential (internal chemical potential) varies from the p-type to the n-type side, while the total chemical potential (electrochemical potential, or, Fermi level) is constant throughout the diode. As described above, when describing chemical potential, one has to say "relative to what".
Bipolar electrochemistry scheme. In electrochemistry, standard electrode potential, or , is a measure of the reducing power of any element or compound.The IUPAC "Gold Book" defines it as; "the value of the standard emf (electromotive force) of a cell in which molecular hydrogen under standard pressure is oxidized to solvated protons at the left-hand electrode".
Confusingly, in some contexts the band-referenced quantity ζ may be called the Fermi level, chemical potential, or electrochemical potential, leading to ambiguity with the globally-referenced Fermi level. In this article, the terms conduction-band referenced Fermi level or internal chemical potential are used to refer to ζ.
The term "Fermi energy" is often used to refer to a different yet closely related concept, the Fermi level (also called electrochemical potential). [note 1] There are a few key differences between the Fermi level and Fermi energy, at least as they are used in this article:
During the early development of electrochemistry, researchers used the normal hydrogen electrode as their standard for zero potential. This was convenient because it could actually be constructed by "[immersing] a platinum electrode into a solution of 1 N strong acid and [bubbling] hydrogen gas through the solution at about 1 atm pressure".