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The posterior longitudinal ligament is situated within the vertebral canal.It extends across the posterior surfaces of the bodies of the vertebrae. [1] It extends superoinferiorly between the body of the axis superiorly, [1] and (sources differ) the sacrum and possibly the coccyx [1] or upper sacral canal [2] inferiorly.
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a process of fibrosis, calcification, and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine, that may involve the spinal dura. [1]
The anterior longitudinal ligament and posterior longitudinal ligament are both illustrated in this image; the anterior longitudinal ligament is to the far left, while the posterior longitudinal ligament is left of the center. The longitudinal ligaments are two sets of ligaments that run along the spine. These are:
In the spine, there is bone formation along the anterior longitudinal ligament and sometimes the posterior longitudinal ligament, which may lead to partial or complete fusion of adjacent vertebrae. The facet and sacroiliac joints tend to be uninvolved. The thoracic spine is the most common level involved. [2]
The tectorial membrane of atlanto-axial joint (occipitoaxial ligaments) is a tough membrane/ [1] broad, strong band [2] representing the superior-ward prolongation of the posterior longitudinal ligament (the two being continuous). [3] [1] [2] It attaches inferiorly onto (the posterior aspect of [2]) the body of axis. [3] It broadens superiorly.
Tears are almost always posterolateral (on the back sides) owing to relative narrowness of the posterior longitudinal ligament relative to the anterior longitudinal ligament. [3] A tear in the disc ring may result in the release of chemicals causing inflammation, which can result in severe pain even in the absence of nerve root compression.
To treat myelopathy and ossified posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), there are two approaches that can expand the spinal canal. These approaches are the anterior approach which is a direct removal of the cord compressing lesion, or a posterior approach which is an indirect decompression of the spinal cord.
Each ligament consists of two lateral portions which commence one on either side of the roots of the articular processes, and extend backward to the point where the laminae meet to form the spinous process; the posterior margins of the two portions are in contact and to a certain extent united, slight intervals being left for the passage of small vessels.