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AES-256 is considered to be quantum resistant, as it has similar quantum resistance to AES-128's resistance against traditional, non-quantum, attacks at 128 bits of security. AES-192 and AES-128 are not considered quantum resistant due to their smaller key sizes.
The Open Quantum Safe (OQS) project was started in late 2016 and has the goal of developing and prototyping quantum-resistant cryptography. [64] [65] It aims to integrate current post-quantum schemes in one library: liboqs. [66] liboqs is an open source C library for quantum-resistant cryptographic algorithms. It initially focuses on key ...
As of October 2012, CNSSP-15 [4] stated that the 256-bit elliptic curve (specified in FIPS 186-2), SHA-256, and AES with 128-bit keys are sufficient for protecting classified information up to the Secret level, while the 384-bit elliptic curve (specified in FIPS 186-2), SHA-384, and AES with 256-bit keys are necessary for the protection of Top ...
In August 2015, NSA announced that it is planning to transition "in the not distant future" to a new cipher suite that is resistant to quantum attacks. "Unfortunately, the growth of elliptic curve use has bumped up against the fact of continued progress in the research on quantum computing, necessitating a re-evaluation of our cryptographic ...
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Symmetric block cipher for information protection FIPS PUB 197: Use 256-bit keys for all classification levels. Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism Standard (ML-KEM aka CRYSTALS-Kyber) Asymmetric algorithm for key establishment FIPS PUB 203: Use ML-KEM-1024 parameter set for all classification levels.
[citation needed] However, as of 2015, the U.S. National Security Agency has issued guidance that it plans to switch to quantum computing resistant algorithms and now requires 256-bit AES keys for data classified up to Top Secret. [10] In 2003, the U.S. National Institute for Standards and Technology, NIST proposed phasing out 80-bit keys by ...
By contrast, it would still take a quantum computer the same amount of time to decode a 256 bit AES cipher as it would a conventional computer to decode a 128 bit AES cipher. [15] For this reason, AES-256 is believed to be "quantum resistant". [16] [17]
In a quantum setting, copying a state is not always possible (no-cloning theorem); a variant of the rewinding technique has to be used. [66] Post quantum algorithms are also called "quantum resistant", because – unlike quantum key distribution – it is not known or provable that there will not be potential future quantum attacks against them.