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In scientific inquiry and academic research, data fabrication is the intentional misrepresentation of research results. As with other forms of scientific misconduct , it is the intent to deceive that marks fabrication as unethical, and thus different from scientists deceiving themselves .
Fake news websites deliberately publish hoaxes, propaganda, and disinformation to drive web traffic inflamed by social media. [8] [9] [10] These sites are distinguished from news satire as fake news articles are usually fabricated to deliberately mislead readers, either for profit or more ambiguous reasons, such as disinformation campaigns.
Fake news websites are those which intentionally, but not necessarily solely, publish hoaxes and disinformation for purposes other than news satire. Some of these sites use homograph spoofing attacks , typosquatting and other deceptive strategies similar to those used in phishing attacks to resemble genuine news outlets.
Tips for detecting disinformation include reading reputable news sources at a local or national level, rather than relying on social media. Beware of sensational headlines that are intended to attract attention and arouse emotion.
The research concluded fake news consumers do not exist in a filter bubble; many of them also consume real news from established news sources. The fake news audience is only 10 percent of the real news audience, and most fake news consumers spent a relatively similar amount of time on fake news compared with real news consumers—with the ...
Allegations that part of a key 2006 study of Alzheimer's disease may have been fabricated has rocked the scientific research community.
Unethical journalistic practices existed in printed media for hundreds of years before the advent of the Internet. [36] [37] [38] Yellow journalism, reporting from a standard which is devoid of integrity and professional ethics, was pervasive during the time period in history known as the Gilded Age, and unethical journalists would engage in fraud by fabricating stories, interviews, and made ...
A source makes an exceptional claim that is not directly contradicted by any source, but if it were true would be very unlikely to only appear in that one source. Ninety-nine sources describe someone's career as a sculptor, while one source also mentions a successful poetry career, in a way that it would make no sense for the other ninety-nine ...