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The most current form of the schedules comes from the Gesell Institute of Child Development and is known as the Gesell Developmental Observation-Revised for ages 2 ½ to 9 years. [2] This assessment uses the principles of the schedules to determine the developmental age & stage of an any given child.
Between 4 and 6 years, the classic tripod grip develops and is made more efficient. Questioning at its height; Many infantile substitutions in speech; Dresses and undresses with assistance; Attends to own toilet needs; 5 years Skips on both feet and hops. Begins to be able to control balance not attained at 3–4 years of age [16]
Examples of statements include "feels he or she is bad", "teases others", and "is distracted easily". The questionnaire takes 3–5 minutes to complete. [4] The original study of the PSC focused on children between 6 and 12 years old, but the checklist has been studied and validated in all age groups between 4 and 16 years. [5] [6] [7]
Emotional development is a lifelong process and these skills develop at an early age. [27] In the early years, children develop basic emotions such as joy, fear, sadness, anger, interest and surprise. [28] The relationship with the primary caregivers plays a crucial role in the emotional development of young children.
Preschool-aged assessments: Child Behavior Checklist for Ages1½-5 (CBCL/1½-5) – To be completed by the child's parent or guardian, as the child is too immature to complete the assessment themselves. Language Development Survey (LDS) – A subsection of the CBCL/1½-5.
Between 2 and 3 years of age, the child is able to refer to themself as "me", combine nouns and verbs, use short sentences, use some simple plurals, answer "where" questions, and has a vocabulary of about 450 words. [131] By age 4, children are able to use sentences of 4–5 words and have a vocabulary of about 1000 words. [131]