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Commonly used are: zero-order hold (for film/video frames), cubic (for image processing) and windowed sinc function (for audio). The two methods are mathematically identical: picking an interpolation function in the second scheme is equivalent to picking the impulse response of the filter in the first scheme.
Bicubic interpolation can be accomplished using either Lagrange polynomials, cubic splines, or cubic convolution algorithm. In image processing , bicubic interpolation is often chosen over bilinear or nearest-neighbor interpolation in image resampling , when speed is not an issue.
Comparison of a slow down video without interframe interpolation (left) and with motion interpolation (right) Motion interpolation or motion-compensated frame interpolation (MCFI) is a form of video processing in which intermediate film, video or animation frames are generated between existing ones by means of interpolation, in an attempt to make animation more fluid, to compensate for display ...
The following is a simplistic illustrated explanation of how motion compensation works. Two successive frames were captured from the movie Elephants Dream.As can be seen from the images, the bottom (motion compensated) difference between two frames contains significantly less detail than the prior images, and thus compresses much better than the rest.
The computed interpolation process is then used to insert many new values in between these key points to give a "smoother" result. In its simplest form, this is the drawing of two-dimensional curves. The key points, placed by the artist, are used by the computer algorithm to form a smooth curve either through, or near these points.
Smoothstep is a family of sigmoid-like interpolation and clamping functions commonly used in computer graphics, [1] [2] video game engines, [3] and machine learning. [ 4 ] The function depends on three parameters, the input x , the "left edge" and the "right edge", with the left edge being assumed smaller than the right edge.
Interpolation: Smooth out the discontinuities using a lowpass filter, which replaces the zeros. In this application, the filter is called an interpolation filter , and its design is discussed below. When the interpolation filter is an FIR type, its efficiency can be improved, because the zeros contribute nothing to its dot product calculations.
In computer graphics, slerp is shorthand for spherical linear interpolation, introduced by Ken Shoemake [1] in the context of quaternion interpolation for the purpose of animating 3D rotation. It refers to constant-speed motion along a unit-radius great circle arc, given the ends and an interpolation parameter between 0 and 1.