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In Sumerian and Akkadian mythology (and Mesopotamian mythology in general) Hanbi or Hanpa (more commonly known in western text) was a member of the udug (dark shadow demons different from the gods of Earth, Water, Fire, Air and Afterlife) and he was the lord of evil, lord of all evil forces different from the gods and the father of Pazuzu. [1]
The Mesopotamian pantheon evolved greatly over the course of its history. [16] In general, the history of Mesopotamian religion can be divided into four phases. [16] During the first phase, starting in the fourth millennium BC, deities' domains mainly focused on basic needs for human survival. [17]
The udug (Sumerian: 𒌜), later known in Akkadian as the utukku, were an ambiguous class of demons from ancient Mesopotamian mythology.They were different from the dingir (Anu-nna-Ki and Igigi) and they were generally malicious, even if a member of demons was willing to clash both with other demons and with the gods, even if he is described as a presence hostile to humans.
Pazuzu is the god of the southwestern wind and is associated with the plague. [1] Pazuzu was invoked in apotropaic amulets , which combat the powers of his rival, [ 33 ] the malicious goddess Lamashtu , who was believed to cause harm to mother and child during childbirth.
In Sumerian and ancient Mesopotamian religion, gallûs [1] (also called gallas; [2] Akkadian gallû < Sumerian gal.lu) were great demons or devils of the ancient Mesopotamian Underworld. Role in mythology
Sumerian religion was the religion practiced by the people of Sumer, the first literate civilization found in recorded history and based in ancient Mesopotamia, and what is modern day Iraq. The Sumerians widely regarded their divinities as responsible for all matters pertaining to the natural and social orders of their society. [3]: 3–4
Sumerian name in Old Babylonian cuneiform, d Dim 3-me [1]. In Mesopotamian mythology, Lamashtu (ð’€ð’ˆ•ð’ˆ¨; Akkadian d La-maš-tu; Sumerian Dimme d Dim 3-me or Kamadme [2]) is a demonic Mesopotamian deity with the "head of a lion, the teeth of a donkey, naked breasts, a hairy body, hands stained (with blood?), long fingers and fingernails, and the feet of Anzû". [3]
The god Marduk and his dragon Mušá¸«uššu. Ancient Mesopotamian religion encompasses the religious beliefs (concerning the gods, creation and the cosmos, the origin of man, and so forth) and practices of the civilizations of ancient Mesopotamia, particularly Sumer, Akkad, Assyria and Babylonia between circa 6000 BC [1] and 400 AD.